|
The Battle of Mărăști was one of the main battles to take place on Romanian soil in World War I. It was fought between July 22 and August 1, 1917, and was an offensive operation of the Romanian and Russian Armies intended to encircle and destroy the German 9th Army. The operation was planned to occur in tandem with the Nămoloasa offensive; however, this operation was abandoned before it began. ==The opposing forces== At the beginning of July, based on the campaign plan drawn up in May by the High Command, final instructions were given to the 1st and 2nd Romanian Armies. The 1st Army was to carry out the principal attack around Nămoloasa and then, on terrain prepared by the latter, the 2nd Army, commanded by General Alexandru Averescu, was to carry out a second-order attack toward Mărăşti. The objective of the operation – the retaking of enemy positions from the Poiana Încărcătoarea–Răcoasa sector — was contained in Operations Order Nr. 1638. Altogether the opposing sides were rather evenly matched, although the Romanian High Command had massed additional forces along the direction of the attacks planned for the 2nd Army, thus creating a more advantageous force equilibrium for Romania. The combat units were as follows: The 2nd Romanian Army had the following battle formations:〔Gen. G. Dabija, ''Armata română în războiul mondial (1916-1918)'', 1936, pg.45〕 *''1st Order'' * *''4th Army Corps'' - commanded by General Gheorghe Văleanu * * *8th Infantry Division * * *11th Brigade from the 6th Infantry Division * *''In reserve:'' * * *6th Infantry Division less the 11th Brigade * * *10th ''Vânători'' Regiment * * *3rd Battalion from the 24th Infantry Regiment * *''2nd Army Corps'' – commanded by General Artur Văitoianu * * *6th Infantry Division less the 11th Brigade from the 4th Reserve Corps * * *3rd Infantry Division *''2nd Order'' * *1st Infantry Division less the 18th Regiment * *2 mountain artillery divisions * *1 heavy artillery division (152 mm) * *7 long cannon batteries and shell launchers The Gerok Group contained: *''Ruiz Group'' * *1 cavalry division * *1 infantry division *''8th Army Group'' * *1 mountain brigade – the 8th Austro-Hungarian brigade reinforced with 2 battalions from the 71st Austro-Hungarian infantry division * *1 cavalry brigade * *2 infantry divisions *In reserve: * *The 7th Austro-Hungarian cavalry division. The ratio of forces was as follows: In the summer of 1917, one of the largest concentrations of forces in the First World War was located in Romania: 9 armies, 80 infantry and 19 cavalry divisions, totalling 974 battalions, 550 squadrons and 923 artillery batteries. 800,000 combatants and 1,000,000 reservists were present. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battle of Mărăști」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|